Services | Future Analytics Inc

Address: Bay #3, 7895 - 49Ave

Red Deer, Alberta, Canada

T4P 2B4

Phone number: (403)-801-1996

Plant sap analysis provides a snapshot of what the plant is actively transporting and using. Growers find benefits through sap testing by detecting and deficiencies before any visual symptoms appear up to two weeks prior.

Guidelines to follow for sampling:

1) Collect both a "young" and "old" leaf. The young leaf is considered the youngest, yet fully developed leaf from the top of the plant. The old leaf is considered the oldest, vital leaf from the bottom of the plant.

2) General rule is to leave at least one leaf in between the young and old. If plant has 4-7 leaves, can leave up to 2-3 leaves in between the young and old.

3) Only send in a closed, ziplock bags. No paper bags.

4) Sample size must be at least half a sandwich sized ziplock bag full. Any less will create discrepancies in data.

Following the concept of Gilbert N. Lewis, the Adamah (Hebrew for earth) soil test displays nutrient availability that is dictated by forms of biology present.

Key consideration points:

1) Reducing and oxidizing levels must be close to a 1:1 ratio as possible. At a ratio of 5, the soil is considered to be half anaerobic and half aerobic. At a ratio of 10 and above, the soil is strictly anaerobic and compaction has set in. pH levels begin declining over time up until oxygen is introduced.

2) Forms of nutrients. Manganese and iron will tell the biggest story:

- At reducing/oxidizing ratios greater than 10, manganese and iron are attaching themselves onto any free remaining oxygen to remain alive. This process is forming pyruvic acid which is why pH begins declining. Manganese and iron will show extremely high levels, but all other nutrients will be tied up, even if sufficient levels are present in the base saturation.

- RoundUp will begin switching the form of manganese from an enzyme to chemical form. Even if reducing/oxidizing ratios are below 10, if manganese and iron are high, zinc will remain tied up in base saturation levels. This is confirmation on the form of manganese being chemical in nature.

- If manganese and iron are high, reducing/oxidizing ratios are less than 10, and the manganese peroxidase enzyme is present, zinc availability will appear.

*Note* Protonated soil tests can show high manganese and zinc, but the form of the nutrient is hidden.

Example soil report with sufficient amounts of zinc present in base saturation, but movement which is indicated through the blue arrows is low. Protonated forms will show sufficient zinc, but form is hidden.

Zinc availability not moving, indicating form of manganese is chemical rather than enzyme form.

Melissa Werkema is a respected analytical chemist and educator, known for her engaging conferences that draw large audiences of farmers and agronomists from across North America. She has also had the privilege of welcoming special guests from Germany and the United States. Through her dedication to education and research, Melissa continues to inspire and empower the agricultural community. Through North American contacts, she has recently travelled and began testing soil samples from the Ukraine.

Soon after completing a Chemical Science Diploma at the British Columbia Institute of Technology, Melissa accepted a Master's level research project at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel. Throughout her years in Israel, her chemistry career was defined.

Inspired by the renowned chemist, Gilbert N. Lewis and discoveries found through electron concepts, Melissa's soil test mimics these dynamics by allowing zwitterions to form if present, giving nutrient availability that is dictated by forms of biology present. This concept extends beyond traditional definitions that focus solely on proton transfers.

Please print off and include this sample submission sheet for any samples sent in